R454B refrigerant (freon): characteristics (properties), tables, diagrams

R454B refrigerant was developed as an alternative to CFCs with a high global warming potential (GWP). At the moment it is a good replacement for R410A. In this article we will look at the characteristics of R454B freon, its properties, and scope of application. We present tables of pressure and temperature dependence, Log(p)-h diagrams, thermodynamic characteristics on the saturation line.

Characteristics, properties of R454B refrigerant

In the table below we have listed all the main characteristics and properties of R454B. At the time of writing, little research has been done on this refrigerant. Therefore, information about R454B will be updated.

Properties of R454B	Value
Chemical formula	CH2F2/CF3CF=CH2
Compound	R-32 (68.9%) / R-1234yf (31.1%)
Molecular mass	62.61
Relative vapor density (air = 1)	2.2
Boiling point (at 1.013 bar)	-50.5°C
Dew point (at 1.013 bar)	-49.5°C
Flash point	No
Density of saturated liquid at 25°C	984.6 kg/m³
Saturated vapor density at 1.013 bar	3.565 kg/m³
Saturated liquid pressure at 25°C	15.708 bar
Saturated liquid pressure at 50°C	29.020 bar
Gas pressure at 25 °C	1.5856 kPa
Temperature glide	1 – 1.5 K
Critical temperature	78.1°C
Critical pressure	52.669 bar
Critical Density	443.0 kg/m³
Critical volume	0.00226 m³/kg
Lower flammability limit (LFL) in air (EN 378)	0.303
Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) in Air (ASTM E681)	11.25% volume
Upper Flammability Limit (LFL) in Air (ASTM E681)	22% volume
Burning rate	5.2 cm/s (2 inches/s)
Latent heat of vaporization at 1.013 bar	316.3 kJ/kg
Thermal conductivity of liquid at 25°C	105.5 mW/(m*K)
Thermal conductivity of steam at 25°C and 1.013 bar	13.0 mW/(m*K)
Surface tension at 25°C	6.11 mN/m
Liquid viscosity at 25°C	0.115 mPa*s
Vapor viscosity at 25°C and 1.013 bar	0.013 mPa*s
Specific heat capacity of liquid at 25°C	1.799 kJ/(kg*K)
Specific heat capacity of steam at 25°C and 1.013 bar	0.8650 kJ/(kg*K)
Cp/Cv ratio at 25° and 1.013 bar	1.197
Safety classification ISO 817/ASHRAE 34	A2L
PED fluid group	1
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)	0
Global Warming Potential (GWP) AR4 IPCC	466
Global Warming Potential (GWP) AR5 IPCC	467
Color	Colorless
Smell	Light, ethereal
Oxidative properties	No
Hot surface auto-ignition temperature	>800 °C

R454B vs R410a

R410A and R454B are hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants used in air conditioners and heat pumps. R410A is the most common refrigerant used today, but it has a high global warming potential (GWP) of 2088. R454B has a lower global warming potential (GWP) of 467, making it more environmentally friendly.

Here is a table comparing the two refrigerants, R410A and R454B:

Peculiarity	R410A	R454B
Global Warming Potential (GWP)	2088	467
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)	0	0
Flammability	Non-flammable	Low flammability (A2L)
Price	Cheaper	More expensive
Efficiency	Similar	A little more efficient
Capacity	Similar	Slightly less capacity

Important!

The price of refrigerant R454B depends on the price of its components. At the time of writing, the refrigerantR1234yf is very expensive, but is gradually starting to become cheaper. In the future, the priceR454B freon will decrease. The ratio of characteristicsR454B and prices in the future will lead to its wide distribution.

Application of R-454B

The characteristics of R454B allow it to be used in the following areas:

• Household air conditioners.
• Commercial air conditioners.
• Chillers.
• Heat pumps.

Distribution and application in new equipment

Most American companies stop producing equipment using R410A and R134a. Instead, they began making systems using R454B refrigerant. Below is a list of such brands and manufacturers.

• American Standard (Trane).
• Ameristar (Trane).
• Arcoaire (ICP).
• Broan (Nortek).
• Bryant.
• Carrier.
• Champion (Johnson Controls).
• Coleman (Johnson Controls).
• Comfortmaker (ICP).
• Day & Night (ICP).
• Fraser-Johnston (Johnson Controls).
• Frigidaire (Nortek).
• Gibson (Nortek).
• Heil (ICP).
• KeepRite (ICP).
• Luxaire (Johnson Controls).
• Maytag (Nortek).
• Miller (Nortek).
• NuTone (Nortek).
• Oxbox (Trane).
• Rheem/Ruud.
• RunTru (Trane).
• Tempstar (ICP).
• York (Johnson Controls).

R454B temperature pressure table in degrees Celsius

Below is a table of pressure versus temperature for R-454B refrigerant. It represents the excess pressure in bar (barg). Since this freon is a mixture of two refrigerants, the characteristics for R454B liquid and vapor are given separately.

T,⁰C	Liquid	Steam	T,⁰C	Liquid	Steam
-64	0.489	0.463	8	9,728	9,352
-62	0.548	0.52	10	10.32	9,929
-60	0.613	0.582	12	10.95	10.53
-58	0.685	0.65	14	11.6	11.16
-56	0.762	0.724	16	12.28	11.82
-54	0.847	0.805	18	12.99	12.51
-52	0.939	0.893	20	13.72	13.23
-50	1.039	0.988	22	14.49	13.98
-48	1.147	1,091	24	15.3	14.76
-46	1.263	1.203	26	16.13	15.57
-44	1,389	1.323	28	17	16.42
-42	1.525	1.452	30	17.9	17.3
-40	1.67	1,592	32	18.84	18.21
-38	1.827	1,742	34	19.81	19.17
-36	1,994	1,902	36	20.82	20.16
-34	2,174	2,074	38	21.87	21.18
-32	2.365	2,258	40	22.96	22.25
-30	2.57	2,454	42	24.09	23.36
-28	2,788	2,663	44	25.26	24.51
-26	3.02	2,886	46	26.47	25.71
-24	3,267	3.122	48	27.72	26.95
-22	3,529	3,374	50	29.02	28.23
-20	3,807	3.641	52	30.37	29.57
-18	4.101	3.924	54	31.76	30.95
-16	4,413	4.223	56	33.2	32.38
-14	4,742	4.54	58	34.69	33.87
-12	5,089	4,874	60	36.23	35.41
-10	5.456	5.227	62	37.82	37.01
-8	5,842	5.6	64	39.47	38.66
-6	6,249	5,992	66	41.17	40.38
-4	6,677	6,404	68	42.93	42.17
-2	7.127	6,838	70	44.75	44.03
0	7,599	7,294	72	46.63	45.97
2	8,095	7,773	74	48.57	47.99
4	8,614	8,275	76	50.58	50.12
6	9.159	8,801	78	52.61	52.48

R454B Temperature Pressure Chart in Fahrenheit

Below is a table showing the relationship between temperature and pressure of R454B refrigerant. Pressure is measured in pounds per square inch (psig). The table shows the excess pressure.

T,°F	Liquid	Steam	T,°F	Liquid	Steam
-40	9.9	8.8	40	113.3	107.7
-38	11.2	10	42	117.8	112
-36	12.5	11.2	44	122.3	116.3
-34	13.8	12.5	46	126.9	120.8
-32	15.3	13.9	48	131.7	125.4
-30	16.7	15.3	50	136.6	130.1
-28	18.2	16.7	52	141.6	134.9
-26	19.8	18.2	54	146.7	139.8
-24	21.4	19.8	56	152	144.9
-22	23.1	21.4	58	157.4	150.1
-20	24.9	23	60	162.9	155.4
-18	26.7	24.8	62	168.6	160.8
-16	28.6	26.6	64	174.3	166.4
-14	30.5	28.4	66	180.2	172.1
-12	32.5	30.3	68	186.3	178
-10	34.6	32.3	70	192.5	184
-8	36.7	34.4	72	198.8	190.1
-6	39	36.5	74	205.3	196.4
-4	41.2	38.7	76	211.9	202.8
-2	43.6	40.9	78	218.7	209.3
0	46.1	43.3	80	225.6	216.1
2	48.6	45.7	82	232.7	222.9
4	51.2	48.1	84	239.9	229.9
6	53.8	50.7	86	247.3	237.1
8	56.6	53.3	88	254.8	244.4
10	59.5	56.1	90	262.5	251.9
12	62.4	58.9	92	270.4	259.6
14	65.4	61.8	94	278.4	267.4
16	68.5	64.7	96	286.6	275.4
18	71.7	67.8	98	295	283.6
20	75	70.9	100	303.6	291.6
22	78.4	74.2	105	325.7	313.6
24	81.8	77.5	110	348.9	336.4
26	85.4	80.9	115	373.4	360.5
28	89.1	84.4	120	399.1	385.8
30	92.9	88.1	125	426	412.4
32	96.8	91.8	130	454.2	440.5
34	100.7	95.6	135	483.8	470
36	104.8	99.5	140	514.9	501
38	109	103.6	145	547.3	533.7

R454B Refrigerant Handling and Safety

Rules for safe handling and storage

When working with R454B refrigerant, it is important to wear protective equipment such as gloves and safety glasses to avoid contact with skin and eyes. It should also be stored in a well-ventilated area with appropriate labeling and warning signs.

R454B refrigerant has a hazard class of A2L. This means that it is not toxic to humans. Since it is heavier than air, when there is a leak, the refrigerant accumulates in the premises and displaces it. Because of this, asphyxia may develop.

Freon R454B is a flammable substance. When working with it, avoid open sources of fire, hot surfaces, and electrical appliances. The premises in which it is stored must be equipped in accordance with all fire safety rules.

Emergency procedures

In the event of a refrigerant leak or spill, it is important to leave the premises and call emergency services. Inhaling R454B refrigerant can cause dizziness, headaches and nausea, so it is essential to seek medical attention if exposed.

Log p-h diagrams for R-454B freon (Molier diagrams)

Thermodynamic properties of R454B on the saturation line, table

Below is a table of the thermodynamic properties of R-454B refrigerant. It contains the following values:

• Density in kg/m3 (kilogram per cubic meter).
• Enthalpy in kJ/kg (kilojoules per kilogram).
• Entropy in J/(kg*K), (joules per kilogram per degree Kelvin).

	Density	Density	Enthalpy	Enthalpy	Entropy	Entropy
T,⁰C	Liquid	Steam	Liquid	Steam	Liquid	Steam
-65	1278.3	1.621	101.26	430.02	0.5907	2.1746
-64	1275.6	1,713	102.72	430.6	0.5976	2.1698
-63	1272.9	1,808	104.17	431.18	0.6046	2.165
-62	1270.2	1,908	105.63	431.76	0.6115	2.1604
-61	1267.5	2,012	107.09	432.33	0.6184	2.1558
-60	1264.8	2.12	108.55	432.9	0.6252	2.1512
-59	1262.1	2.233	110.01	433.47	0.632	2.1468
-58	1259.4	2,351	111.47	434.04	0.6388	2.1423
-57	1256.6	2,474	112.93	434.61	0.6456	2.138
-56	1253.9	2,601	114.4	435.17	0.6523	2.1337
-55	1251.2	2,734	115.86	435.73	0.6591	2.1295
-54	1248.4	2,873	117.33	436.28	0.6657	2.1253
-53	1245.6	3,016	118.8	436.84	0.6724	2.1212
-52	1242.8	3,166	120.27	437.39	0.6791	2.1171
-51	1240.1	3.321	121.74	437.94	0.6857	2.1131
-50	1237.3	3,482	123.21	438.49	0.6923	2.1091
-49	1234.5	3,649	124.68	439.03	0.6988	2.1052
-48	1231.6	3.822	126.16	439.57	0.7054	2.1013
-47	1228.8	4,002	127.63	440.11	0.7119	2.0975
-46	1226	4,189	129.11	440.64	0.7184	2.0938
-45	1223.1	4,382	130.59	441.17	0.7249	2.09
-44	1220.3	4,583	132.07	441.7	0.7313	2.0864
-43	1217.4	4.79	133.56	442.23	0.7378	2.0827
-42	1214.5	5.005	135.04	442.75	0.7442	2.0792
-41	1211.6	5.227	136.53	443.27	0.7506	2.0756
-40	1208.7	5.457	138.02	443.79	0.757	2.0721
-39	1205.8	5.695	139.52	444.3	0.7633	2.0687
-38	1202.9	5,941	141.01	444.81	0.7697	2.0653
-37	1200	6,196	142.51	445.31	0.776	2.0619
-36	1197	6,459	144.01	445.81	0.7823	2.0586
-35	1194.1	6.73	145.51	446.31	0.7886	2.0553
-34	1191.1	7,011	147.01	446.81	0.7949	2,052
-33	1188.1	7.3	148.52	447.3	0.8011	2.0488
-32	1185.1	7.6	150.03	447.79	0.8074	2.0456
-31	1182.1	7,908	151.54	448.27	0.8136	2.0425
-30	1179.1	8,227	153.05	448.75	0.8198	2.0394
-29	1176.1	8,556	154.57	449.22	0.826	2.0363
-28	1173	8,895	156.09	449.7	0.8321	2.0332
-27	1170	9,244	157.61	450.16	0.8383	2.0302
-26	1166.9	9,604	159.14	450.63	0.8444	2.0272
-25	1163.8	9,976	160.66	451.09	0.8506	2.0243
-24	1160.7	10.36	162.2	451.54	0.8567	2.0213
-23	1157.6	10.75	163.73	451.99	0.8628	2.0184
-22	1154.5	11.16	165.27	452.44	0.8689	2.0156
-21	1151.3	11.58	166.81	452.88	0.8749	2.0127
-20	1148.2	12.01	168.35	453.31	0.881	2.0099
-19	1145	12.45	169.9	453.75	0.8871	2.0071
-18	1141.8	12.91	171.45	454.17	0.8931	2.0043
-17	1138.6	13.38	173	454.59	0.8991	2.0016
-16	1135.4	13.86	174.56	455.01	0.9051	1.9989
-15	1132.2	14.36	176.12	455.42	0.9111	1.9962
-14	1128.9	14.87	177.68	455.83	0.9171	1.9935
-13	1125.6	15.4	179.25	456.23	0.9231	1.9909
-12	1122.4	15.94	180.82	456.63	0.9291	1.9882
-11	1119.1	16.49	182.4	457.02	0.935	1.9856
-10	1115.7	17.07	183.98	457.4	0.941	1,983
-9	1112.4	17.65	185.56	457.78	0.9469	1.9804
-8	1109	18.26	187.15	458.15	0.9528	1.9779
-7	1105.7	18.88	188.74	458.52	0.9588	1.9753
-6	1102.3	19.52	190.33	458.88	0.9647	1.9728
-5	1098.9	20.17	191.93	459.24	0.9706	1.9703
-4	1095.4	20.85	193.54	459.59	0.9765	1.9678
-3	1092	21.54	195.15	459.93	0.9824	1.9653
-2	1088.5	22.25	196.76	460.27	0.9883	1.9629
-1	1085	22.98	198.38	460.59	0.9941	1.9604
0	1081.5	23.73	200	460.92	1	1.958
1	1077.9	24.5	201.63	461.23	1.0059	1.9555
2	1074.4	25.29	203.26	461.54	1.0117	1.9531
3	1070.8	26.11	204.9	461.84	1.0176	1.9507
4	1067.2	26.94	206.54	462.13	1.0234	1.9483
5	1063.5	27.8	208.19	462.42	1.0293	1.9459
6	1059.9	28.68	209.84	462.7	1.0351	1.9435
7	1056.2	29.58	211.5	462.97	1.0409	1.9411
8	1052.5	30.51	213.16	463.23	1.0468	1.9388
9	1048.7	31.47	214.83	463.48	1.0526	1.9364
10	1045	32.44	216.5	463.73	1.0584	1.934
11	1041.2	33.45	218.18	463.96	1.0642	1.9317
12	1037.3	34.48	219.87	464.19	1.07	1.9293
13	1033.5	35.54	221.56	464.41	1.0759	1.927
14	1029.6	36.63	223.26	464.61	1.0817	1.9246
15	1025.7	37.75	224.97	464.81	1.0875	1.9222
16	1021.7	38.89	226.68	465	1.0933	1.9199
17	1017.8	40.07	228.39	465.18	1.0991	1.9175
18	1013.7	41.28	230.12	465.35	1.1049	1.9152
19	1009.7	42.52	231.85	465.51	1.1107	1.9128
20	1005.6	43.8	233.59	465.65	1.1166	1.9104
21	1001.5	45.11	235.34	465.79	1.1224	1.9081
22	997.33	46.46	237.09	465.92	1.1282	1.9057
23	993.14	47.84	238.85	466.03	1.134	1.9033
24	988.9	49.26	240.62	466.13	1.1399	1.9009
25	984.63	50.72	242.4	466.22	1.1457	1.8985
26	980.31	52.23	244.19	466.29	1.1515	1.8961
27	975.94	53.77	245.98	466.36	1.1574	1.8936
28	971.53	55.36	247.79	466.4	1.1632	1.8912
29	967.08	56.99	249.6	466.44	1.1691	1.8887
30	962.58	58.67	251.42	466.46	1.1749	1.8863
31	958.02	60.39	253.25	466.47	1.1808	1.8838
32	953.42	62.17	255.1	466.46	1.1867	1.8813
33	948.76	63.99	256.95	466.43	1.1926	1.8787
34	944.04	65.87	258.81	466.39	1.1985	1.8762
35	939.27	67.81	260.69	466.33	1.2044	1.8736
36	934.44	69.8	262.57	466.26	1.2104	1.871
37	929.54	71.86	264.47	466.16	1.2163	1.8684
38	924.58	73.97	266.38	466.05	1.2223	1.8657
39	919.55	76.15	268.3	465.92	1.2282	1.8631
40	914.45	78.4	270.24	465.77	1.2342	1.8603
41	909.28	80.72	272.19	465.6	1.2403	1.8576
42	904.02	83.12	274.15	465.4	1.2463	1.8548
43	898.69	85.59	276.13	465.18	1.2524	1.852
44	893.27	88.14	278.12	464.94	1.2585	1.8491
45	887.76	90.78	280.13	464.68	1.2646	1.8462
46	882.16	93.5	282.16	464.39	1.2707	1.8432
47	876.45	96.32	284.2	464.07	1.2769	1.8402
48	870.64	99.24	286.27	463.73	1.2831	1.8371
49	864.73	102.3	288.35	463.35	1.2894	1.834
50	858.69	105.4	290.46	462.94	1.2956	1.8308
51	852.53	108.7	292.58	462.51	1,302	1.8275
52	846.23	112	294.73	462.03	1.3083	1.8242
53	839.8	115.5	296.91	461.52	1.3148	1.8208
54	833.21	119.2	299.11	460.97	1.3212	1.8173
55	826.47	123	301.33	460.38	1.3278	1.8137
56	819.55	126.9	303.59	459.75	1.3344	1.81
57	812.45	131.1	305.88	459.07	1.3411	1.8062
58	805.15	135.4	308.2	458.34	1.3478	1.8023
59	797.64	139.9	310.56	457.55	1.3546	1.7983
60	789.89	144.6	312.96	456.71	1.3615	1.7941
61	781.89	149.6	315.4	455.8	1.3685	1.7897
62	773.62	154.9	317.89	454.82	1.3757	1.7852
63	765.04	160.4	320.43	453.77	1.3829	1.7806
64	756.12	166.2	323.02	452.64	1.3903	1.7757
65	746.82	172.4	325.68	451.41	1.3978	1.7705
66	737.11	179.1	328.41	450.08	1.4056	1.7651
67	726.92	186.1	331.22	448.63	1.4135	1.7594
68	716.18	193.8	334.12	447.04	1.4216	1.7534
69	704.81	202	337.12	445.3	1.4301	1.7469
70	692.7	210.9	340.25	443.38	1.4388	1.74
71	679.7	220.8	343.53	441.24	1.4479	1.7325
72	665.6	231.8	346.99	438.83	1.4576	1.7242
73	650.09	244.2	350.68	436.07	1.4678	1.715
74	632.71	258.5	354.69	432.84	1.479	1.7046
75	612.61	275.6	359.16	428.96	1.4914	1.6923
76	588.14	297.3	364.37	424.02	1.5058	1.677
77	554.79	328.3	371.11	416.98	1.5246	1.6558
78	482.32	399.9	384.91	401.25	1.5634	1.61

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